Kalamata: Tourles
| PK | C110 |
| TITLE | Kalamata: Tourles |
| WGS84 | 37.047934° N, 22.122287° E |
| Accuracy | 50 m. |
| LAT/LON | 37.047934, 22.122287 |
| LON/LAT | 22.122287, 37.047934 |
| DMS | 37° 2' 52.5624" N | , | 22° 7' 20.2332" E |
| W3W | memo, straws, terminology |
| UTM | 34 S, 599796, 4100779 |
| EGSA87 | 332876, 4101551 |
| Elevation m | 98 |
| Elevation feet | 321.5 |
| Region | Messenia |
GENERAL SITE TYPE Chamber Tomb
TYPE
1. Chamber Tomb. Ålin [1962], 76 'An den Hängen des ... Hügels Tourles fand R. Hope Simpson 1956 einige zerstörte Kammergraber ... '2. Chamber Tomb. Zavadil [2012], 409 ' ... fand R. Hope Simpson in den frühen fünfziger Jahren drei bis fünf Kammergräber.'
3. Chamber Tomb. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 164 ' ..., and there are remains of LH chamber tombs on the upper SE terraces ... '
4. Settlement. Simpson and Hagel [2006], 57 'A substantial Mycenaean settlement is indicated, ... '
5. Settlement. Messenia III, 160 ' ... would suggest that ... Tourles may have comprised the main part of the outlying settlement beyond the walls, corresponding to the "lower town" at Mycenae.'
6. Settlement. Zavadil [2012], 409 Perhaps. Dr. Zavadil says 'Ob die von McDonald und Hope Simpson formulierte Vermutung korrekt ist, daß sich - in Analogie zu Mykene - am Kastro die mykenische Akropolis und am Tourles die zugehörige Siedlung außerhalb der Stadtmauer befunden hätten, können vielleicht zukünftige Grabungen erweisen.'
7. Sherds. Simpson and Hagel [2006], 57 'LH III and later sherds were found ... over much of the neighbouring hill of Tourles ... '
8. Sherds. Simpson [1981], 132 'LH III sherds and coarse ware were found, together with sherds of various other periods, including EH ... '
9. Sherds. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 164 'LH III deep bowl and kylix fragments ... '
SITE SIZE
- Simpson [1981] p. 132, Size: 20000 sq. m. ' ..., an area about 200 m. east to west by 100 m.'
- Simpson and Dickinson [1979] p. 164, Size: 20000 sq. m. ' ..., over an area c. 200 m. E-W by 100 m.'
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. EH II: (2700 BC - 2200 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, 'EH II MH? ... '
2. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, 'EH II MH? ... '
3. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
a. Zavadil [2012]: 409, 'Da am Abhang unterhalb einiger dieser Gräber SH III-Scherben sichtbar waren, nahm er eine chronologische Einordnung der Anlagen in mykenische Zeit an.'
b. Ålin [1962]: 76, 'Yalouris konnte hier 1960 mykenische und klassische Scherben feststellen.'
c. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, ' ..., and there are remains of LH chamber tombs ... '
4. LH III: (1410 BC - 1060 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 132, ' ..., it does seem that the Kastro was a Mycenaean citadel, since LH III and later sherds were found in its south slope, ... ', 'EH II MH? LH III(A2-)B "PG" G A C H'
b. Ålin [1962]: 76, ' ... SH III-Scherben in Gruppen, ... '
c. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, 'LH III deep bowl and kylix fragments ... '
d. Simpson and Hagel [2006]: 57, 'LH III and later sherds were found ... over much of the neighbouring hill of Tourles ... '
5. LH IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, ' ... LH III(A2-)B'
6. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
a. Ålin [1962]: 76, 'Einige der letzteren konnten in IIIB datiert werden.'
b. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, ' ... LH III(A2-)B'
7. Protogeometric: (1100 BC - 900 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 164, ' ... PG? ... '
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Ålin [1962]: Ålin, Per. Das Ende der mykenischen Fundstätten auf dem griechischen Festland. Carl Bloms Boktryckeri A.-B., Lund, 1962., 'Kalamata', pg. 76.
2. Messenia III: McDonald, William A. and Richard Hope Simpson. ‘Further Explorations in Southwestern Peloponnese: 1964-1968’, American Journal of Archaeology. Vol. 73, No. 2 (Apr., 1969), pp. 123-177., '79A. Tourles (Kalamata)', pg. 160.
Online here.
3. Simpson and Hagel [2006]: Simpson, R. Hope and D.K. Hagel. Mycenaean Fortifications, Highways, Dams and Canals. SIMA vol. 133. Paul Åströms Förlag. Sävedalen, Sweden. 2006., '[Kalamata: Kastro and Tourles ... ]', pg. 57.
4. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'F 132 Kalamata: Tourles', pg. 132.
Online here.
5. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'D 141 Kalamata: Tourles', pg. 164.
Online here.
6. Zavadil [2012]: Zavadil, Michaela. Monumenta: Studien zu mittel- und späthelladischen Gräbern in Messenien. Wien:Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-Historische Klasse Denkschriften. 2012., 'KALAMATA/TOURLES (EP. KALAMON)', pg. 409.
Online here.