PKey Report
PKC1355
TITLEParga: Kiperi Tholos
WGS84 39.288645° N, 20.426173° E
Accuracy 10 m.

LAT/LON 39.288645, 20.426173
LON/LAT 20.426173, 39.288645

DMS 39° 17' 19.122" N,20° 25' 34.2228" E

W3Wcopes, dizzied, calculations
UTM34 S, 450513.67, 4348965.55
EGSA87 191607, 4354613

Elevation m192
Elevation feet 629.9
RegionEpirus





GENERAL SITE TYPE  Settlement

TYPE

1.    Buildings.   Tartaron [2004], 67    ' ... foundations of round structures, foundations of square and rectangular structures, sections of a well-built wall running north-south several meters from the tomb, ... '

2.    Cem.   PAE[1960], 123    

3.    Pottery.   Tartaron [2004], 67    ' ... a scatter of prehistoric pottery on the terrace and the slopes beneath it.'

4.    Settlement.   Tartaron [2004], 67    ' ... and evidence of a possibly walled settlement ... '

5.    Sherds.   Tartaron [2004], 67    ' ... yielded substantial quantities of prehistoric coarseware sherds on the east and west of the tomb, and in olive groves on the slopes just below the terrace.'

6.    Tholos.   Papadopoulos [1981], 7    ' ... eines Tholos-Grabs ... '

7.    Tholos.   Tartaron [2004], 67    'A Mycenaean tholos tomb ... '

8.    Tholos.   Pelon [1976], 257    'La tholos est situ?e ? environ 3 km ? l'Est de Parga, au lieu-dit Kip?ri,...'

9.    Tholos.   Simpson [1981], 177    'The small tholos tomb found here is the furthest to the northwest of all Mycenaean tholos tombs, and one of the most remote.'

10.    Tholos.   Kleitsas [2014], 1    'The only tholos tomb of Epirus ... at Kiperi in Parga ... is a direct example of an imported Mycenaean burial custom.'

11.    Tholos.   Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 300    'A small tholos tomb found here is the furthest to the NW of all such tombs ...'

12.    Tomb.   Syriopoulos [1995], 960    

13.    Tumulus.   Hammond [1967], 313    '...a Mycenaean tholos tomb was discovered in 1937 in a district called Kiperi...'

14.    Walls.   Tartaron [2004], 67    ' The masonry is typical of the cyclopean technique: large, roughly hewn boulders fit together without mortar, and small stones placed in the interstices among them.', ' The Cyclopean wall may therefore enclose the settlement on the terrace, or function as a temenos wall marking the tomb precinct as hallowed ground.'

SITE SIZE

- Tartaron [2004]  p. 67,  Size: 10000 sq. m.  'Estimated area: 1.00 ha (medium)'



PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. Bronze Age: (2200 BC - 1050 BC)

    a.    Tartaron [2004]: 67 'The wall near the tholos, running north to south across the contours (i.e., up and down the slope) is more easily identifiable as a Bronze Age construction.'

2. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)

    a.    Hammond [1967]: 313 '...a Mycenaean tholos tomb...'

3. Late Bronze Age: (1570 BC - 1200 BC)

    a.    Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'

    b.    Tartaron [2004]: 67 ' ... some of them (foundations, rhc) likely do belong to a Late Bronze Age settlement, ... '

4. Late Helladic IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)

    a.    PAE[1960]: 123

    b.    Syriopoulos [1995]: 960

    c.    Kleitsas [2014]: 1 'The tomb is dated from the Late Helladic IIIA-B period.'

5. Late Helladic IIIA1: (1410 BC - 1375 BC)

    a.    Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'

    b.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIA1?'

    c.    Papadopoulos [1981]: 23 ' ... eine SH III A1 (oder auch fr?here) Datierung f?r den Grabbau annehmen.'

    d.    Papadopoulos [1981]: 12 Many examples. See catalogue on pp. 12 - 22.

6. Late Helladic IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)

    a.    Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'

    b.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIA2-B', 'The LH sherds ... certainly include LH IIIA2-B types ...'

    c.    Papadopoulos [1981]: 14 Pg. 14, examples 14, 15, pg. 16, examp. 17.

7. Late Helladic IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)

    a.    Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'

    b.    Pelon [1976]: 257 '...peut ?tre dat?e de l'HR IIIB.'

    c.    PAE[1960]: 123

    d.    Syriopoulos [1995]: 960

    e.    Kleitsas [2014]: 1 'The tomb is dated from the Late Helladic IIIA-B period.'

    f.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIA2-B', 'The LH sherds ... certainly include LH IIIA2-B types ...'

    g.    Hammond [1967]: 313 '...and sherds of Mycenaean III B ware were found.'

    h.    Papadopoulos [1981]: 24 ' ... wohl bis zum Ende von SH III B, benutzt worden ist.'

    i.    Papadopoulos [1981]: 16 Pg. 16, example 17.

8. Iron Age: (1200 BC - 535 BC)

    a.    Tartaron [2004]: 67 ' ... two sherds of Orange- red ware that suggest that the settlement persisted into the Iron Age.'

9. Late Helladic IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)

    a.    Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'

    b.    PAE[1960]: 123

    c.    Syriopoulos [1995]: 960

    d.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIC?'


NOTES

1.  Google Earth aerial photography from April of 2023 indicate that this site is now the focus of a major archaeological effort.

2.  For a photograph of the interior of the tholos see Tartaron [2004] 68, Fig. 4.19.

rhc

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.  PAE[1960]:  Praktika tes en Athenais Arkhaiologikes Hetaireias. 1960., '', pg. 123.

2.  Hammond [1967]:  Hammond, N.G.L.. Epirus; The geography, the ancient remains, the history and the topography of Epirus and adjacent areas. . Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1967., '', pg. 313.

3.  Kleitsas [2014]:  Kleitsas, Christos. ‘The Bronze Age in Epirus (Part 3); The Late Bronze Age: The Burial Customs’, archaeology & arts, Oct. 20, 2014., 'The Bronze Age in Epirus', pg. 1. Online here.

4.  Papadopoulos [1981]:  Papadopoulos, A.. ‘Das mykenische Kuppelgrab von Kiperi bei Parga (Epirus)’, Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung (96) 7-24. 1981., '', pg. 7. Online here.

5.  Pelon [1976]:  Pelon, Olivier. Tholoi, tumuli et cercles fun?raires; Recherches sur les monuments fun?raires de plan circulaire dan l'?g?e de l’?ge du Bronze (IIIe at IIe mill?naires av. J.-C). Biblioth?ques de l'?cole fran?aise d'Ath?nes et de Rome - S?rie Ath?nes, 229. 1976., '48. Parga', pg. 257. Online here.

6.  Simpson [1981]:  Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'K 2 (= L 2) Parga: Kiperi', pg. 177. Online here.

7.  Simpson and Dickinson [1979]:  Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul ?str?ms F?rlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'K 2 Parga: Kiperi', pg. 300. Online here.

8.  Syriopoulos [1995]:  Syriopoulos, Konstantinos. Ge????? S???pt???? ?ata????? ??? ?e??e???e??? ?a? t?? ??? ?????: ?e?te??? ?????. Athens: Athens Archaeological Society. 1995., '', pg. 960.

9.  Tartaron [2004]:  Tartaron, Thomas F.. Bronze Age Landscape and Society in Southern Epirus, Greece. BAR International Series, no. 1290, , 'Kiperi: Site E-20', pg. 67. Online here.