PK | C1355 |
TITLE | Parga: Kiperi Tholos |
WGS84 | 39.288645° N, 20.426173° E |
Accuracy | 10 m. |
LAT/LON | 39.288645, 20.426173 |
LON/LAT | 20.426173, 39.288645 |
DMS | 39° 17' 19.122" N | , | 20° 25' 34.2228" E |
W3W | copes, dizzied, calculations |
UTM | 34 S, 450513.67, 4348965.55 |
EGSA87 | 191607, 4354613 |
Elevation m | 192 |
Elevation feet | 629.9 |
Region | Epirus |
TYPE
1. Buildings. Tartaron [2004], 67 ' ... foundations of round structures, foundations of square and rectangular structures, sections of a well-built wall running north-south several meters from the tomb, ... '
2. Cem. PAE[1960], 123
3. Pottery. Tartaron [2004], 67 ' ... a scatter of prehistoric pottery on the terrace and the slopes beneath it.'
4. Settlement. Tartaron [2004], 67 ' ... and evidence of a possibly walled settlement ... '
5. Sherds. Tartaron [2004], 67 ' ... yielded substantial quantities of prehistoric coarseware sherds on the east and west of the tomb, and in olive groves on the slopes just below the terrace.'
6. Tholos. Papadopoulos [1981], 7 ' ... eines Tholos-Grabs ... '
7. Tholos. Tartaron [2004], 67 'A Mycenaean tholos tomb ... '
8. Tholos. Pelon [1976], 257 'La tholos est situ?e ? environ 3 km ? l'Est de Parga, au lieu-dit Kip?ri,...'
9. Tholos. Simpson [1981], 177 'The small tholos tomb found here is the furthest to the northwest of all Mycenaean tholos tombs, and one of the most remote.'
10. Tholos. Kleitsas [2014], 1 'The only tholos tomb of Epirus ... at Kiperi in Parga ... is a direct example of an imported Mycenaean burial custom.'
11. Tholos. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 300 'A small tholos tomb found here is the furthest to the NW of all such tombs ...'
12. Tomb. Syriopoulos [1995], 960
13. Tumulus. Hammond [1967], 313 '...a Mycenaean tholos tomb was discovered in 1937 in a district called Kiperi...'
14. Walls. Tartaron [2004], 67 ' The masonry is typical of the cyclopean technique: large, roughly hewn boulders fit together without mortar, and small stones placed in the interstices among them.', ' The Cyclopean wall may therefore enclose the settlement on the terrace, or function as a temenos wall marking the tomb precinct as hallowed ground.'
SITE SIZE
- Tartaron [2004] p. 67, Size: 10000 sq. m. 'Estimated area: 1.00 ha (medium)'
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. Bronze Age: (2200 BC - 1050 BC)
a. Tartaron [2004]: 67 'The wall near the tholos, running north to south across the contours (i.e., up and down the slope) is more easily identifiable as a Bronze Age construction.'
2. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
a. Hammond [1967]: 313 '...a Mycenaean tholos tomb...'
3. Late Bronze Age: (1570 BC - 1200 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'
b. Tartaron [2004]: 67 ' ... some of them (foundations, rhc) likely do belong to a Late Bronze Age settlement, ... '
4. Late Helladic IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
a. PAE[1960]: 123
b. Syriopoulos [1995]: 960
c. Kleitsas [2014]: 1 'The tomb is dated from the Late Helladic IIIA-B period.'
5. Late Helladic IIIA1: (1410 BC - 1375 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'
b. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIA1?'
c. Papadopoulos [1981]: 23 ' ... eine SH III A1 (oder auch fr?here) Datierung f?r den Grabbau annehmen.'
d. Papadopoulos [1981]: 12 Many examples. See catalogue on pp. 12 - 22.
6. Late Helladic IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'
b. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIA2-B', 'The LH sherds ... certainly include LH IIIA2-B types ...'
c. Papadopoulos [1981]: 14 Pg. 14, examples 14, 15, pg. 16, examp. 17.
7. Late Helladic IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'
b. Pelon [1976]: 257 '...peut ?tre dat?e de l'HR IIIB.'
c. PAE[1960]: 123
d. Syriopoulos [1995]: 960
e. Kleitsas [2014]: 1 'The tomb is dated from the Late Helladic IIIA-B period.'
f. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIA2-B', 'The LH sherds ... certainly include LH IIIA2-B types ...'
g. Hammond [1967]: 313 '...and sherds of Mycenaean III B ware were found.'
h. Papadopoulos [1981]: 24 ' ... wohl bis zum Ende von SH III B, benutzt worden ist.'
i. Papadopoulos [1981]: 16 Pg. 16, example 17.
8. Iron Age: (1200 BC - 535 BC)
a. Tartaron [2004]: 67 ' ... two sherds of Orange- red ware that suggest that the settlement persisted into the Iron Age.'
9. Late Helladic IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 177 'LB LH IIIA1? LH IIIA2-B LH IIIC? C H'
b. PAE[1960]: 123
c. Syriopoulos [1995]: 960
d. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 300 'LHIIIC?'
1. PAE[1960]: Praktika tes en Athenais Arkhaiologikes Hetaireias. 1960., '', pg. 123.
2. Hammond [1967]: Hammond, N.G.L.. Epirus; The geography, the ancient remains, the history and the topography of Epirus and adjacent areas. . Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 1967., '', pg. 313.
3. Kleitsas [2014]: Kleitsas, Christos. ‘The Bronze Age in Epirus (Part 3); The Late Bronze Age: The Burial Customs’, archaeology & arts, Oct. 20, 2014., 'The Bronze Age in Epirus', pg. 1.
Online here.
4. Papadopoulos [1981]: Papadopoulos, A.. ‘Das mykenische Kuppelgrab von Kiperi bei Parga (Epirus)’, Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung (96) 7-24. 1981., '', pg. 7.
Online here.
5. Pelon [1976]: Pelon, Olivier. Tholoi, tumuli et cercles fun?raires; Recherches sur les monuments fun?raires de plan circulaire dan l'?g?e de l’?ge du Bronze (IIIe at IIe mill?naires av. J.-C). Biblioth?ques de l'?cole fran?aise d'Ath?nes et de Rome - S?rie Ath?nes, 229. 1976., '48. Parga', pg. 257.
Online here.
6. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'K 2 (= L 2) Parga: Kiperi', pg. 177.
Online here.
7. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul ?str?ms F?rlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'K 2 Parga: Kiperi', pg. 300.
Online here.
8. Syriopoulos [1995]: Syriopoulos, Konstantinos. Ge????? S???pt???? ?ata????? ??? ?e??e???e??? ?a? t?? ??? ?????: ?e?te??? ?????. Athens: Athens Archaeological Society. 1995., '', pg. 960.
9. Tartaron [2004]: Tartaron, Thomas F.. Bronze Age Landscape and Society in Southern Epirus, Greece. BAR International Series, no. 1290, , 'Kiperi: Site E-20', pg. 67.
Online here.