Site details

Thorikos: Hab

PK	C1511
TITLE	Thorikos: Hab
WGS84	37.740789° N, 24.055428° E
Accuracy	Exact

LAT/LON	37.740789, 24.055428
LON/LAT	24.055428, 37.740789

DMS

37° 44' 26.8404" N

24° 3' 19.5408" E

W3W	meddled, assume, presses
UTM	35 S, 240538, 4181139
EGSA87	504735, 4176769

Elevation m	128
Elevation feet	419.9
Region	Attica

GENERAL SITE TYPE Settlement

TYPE

1.    hab.   Simpson [1981], 48    'Ancient Thorikos has a high conical acropolis (Velatouri hill) overlooking two harbours on either side of the promontory of Ayios Nikolaos.'
2.    hab.   Privitera [2013], 133    '...uno degli insediamenti meglio noti dell'Attica.'
3.    Settlement.   Ålin [1962], 109    'Am Velatouri-Berg sind von Stais um 1890 2 Tholosgräber und Siedlungsreste ausgegraben worden.'
4.    Settlement.   Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 209    'Transitional MH - LH I material is reported to be particularly widespread ..., and the settlement was certainly large at this time.'
5.    Settlement.   Stubbings [1947], 6    'On the summit of Veletouri were discovered remains of a prehistoric settlement dating partly from ...'

SITE SIZE

- Privitera [2013]  p. 133,  Size: 2000000 sq. m.  'Il sito occupa una superficie di 2 km e si articola in tre settori ben definiti.'

PERIOD (High Chronology)

1. EH II: (2700 BC - 2200 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 48, 'NH EH II MH LH I-IIIB PG G A C H'

2. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 48, 'NH EH II MH LH I-IIIB PG G A C H'
    b.    Stubbings [1947]: 6, '... dating partly from the M.H. period and partly from the earlier phases of L.H.'
    c.    Privitera [2013]: 133, '..., caratterizzato da produzioni ceramiche tipicamente ME, ...'
    d.    Ålin [1962]: 109, 'Am Berggipfel fanden sich Siedlungsreste aus zwei Perioden, nämlich aus MH ...'
    e.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 209, 'Transitional MH - LH I material is reported ... '

3. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
    a.    Stubbings [1947]: 6, '... dating partly from the M.H. period and partly from the earlier phases of L.H.'

4. Late Helladic I: (1700 BC - 1635 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 48, 'NH EH II MH LH I-IIIB PG G A C H'
    b.    Privitera [2013]: 133, '...datati rispettivamente al ME e all'orizzonte di transizione tra il ME e il TE I.'
    c.    Ålin [1962]: 109, ? 'Am Berggipfel fanden sich Siedlungsreste aus zwei Perioden, ... und anscheinend auch aus früher SH Zeit.'
    d.    Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 209, 'Transitional MH - LH I material is reported ... '

5. Late Helladic II: (1635 BC - 1410 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 48, 'NH EH II MH LH I-IIIB PG G A C H'

6. LH III: (1410 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Stubbings [1947]: 6, 'There seem to be no traces of habitation at this site in the third Late Helladic period. There is, however, in the Museum at Geneva a group of nine L.H. III pots of good fabric which are said to come from Thorikos.'
    b.    Ålin [1962]: 109, 'Diese Gegend dürfte so in SH III bewohnt gewesen sein, wie es sich mit der Akropolis in dieser Hinsicht verhält, bleibt aber unklar.'

7. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 48, 'NH EH II MH LH I-IIIB PG G A C H'

8. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
    a.    Simpson [1981]: 48, 'NH EH II MH LH I-IIIB PG G A C H'
    b.    Privitera [2013]: 132, 'L'abbandono dell'insediamento miceneo del Velatouri può essere comunque attribuito al TE IIIB, ..'

9. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
    a.    Privitera [2013]: 133, '..., posta ad ovest del teatro dell'eta classical ..., fu in uso ancora all'inizio del TE IIIC early e per parte del TE IIIC middle ...'

10. Geometric: (900 BC - 700 BC)
    a.    Privitera [2013]: 133, '... quanto strati dell'eta geometrica.'

NOTES

1. Stubbings [1947] gives the earlier bibliography as V. Stais in ADelt [1890], 159; Praktika [1893], 12 ff.; Eph. Arch. [1895], 221 ff.

Some recent notices of work at Thorikos which can be found at the BCH online site

no. 2225: (2004) Merkati Thorikou (Property of I. Kontou)
no. 1734: (2000) Thorikos Village.
no. 233: (2007) Laffineur and team's work on the digital mapping of Velatouri hill.
no. 733: (2008) Topographic survey of the industrial quarter and the theater area
no. 1732: (2009) GPR survey on the southern slopes of Velatouri hill
no. 2074: (2010) Docter and Van Liefferinge on the 2010 campaign focused on a large cistern on the Velatouri Hill.
no. 2473: (2011) Docter and Van Liefferinge on the large cistern on the Velatouri Hill.
no. 3259: (2012) Docter on the large cistern.
no. 4876: (2014) Docter on the excavation and survey of the Velatouri hill and west necropolis excavation.
no. 5382: (2015) Docter: work of the previous year at Thorikos and Velatouri hill.
no. 2224: (2003) Oikonomakou (B' EPKA) on the excavation of large building at the Th. archaeological site.
no. 90: (2005) Laffineur and team and the Mycenaean sector of the Acropolis at Velatouri.
no. 91: (2006) Excavations which resulted in the find of a cache of PG ceramics (region of the necropolis).

2. See the splendid detailed maps of Thorikos in Docter, Roald F. and Maud Webster (eds.), Exploring Thorikos, pp. 6-7. Gent: Ghent University. (ISBN: 978 94 929 4439 9), 2018. For detailed maps of the previous excavations see Kim Van Liefferinge et al. [2011] 'The Thorikos Excavations 1963 - 2010 in Maps' from Thorikos (10), pp. 15-50. It is online here.

3. The excavations at Thorikos are being conducted at the present time by the Belgian School at Athens, Ghent University, Heidelberg University, Gottingen University, and the Ionian University under the auspices of the Greek Ministry of Culture and the Ephorate of Antiquities of East Attica. For more details about the excavators as well as the excavations see the dedicated website here.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Ålin [1962]: Ålin, Per. Das Ende der mykenischen Fundstätten auf dem griechischen Festland. Carl Bloms Boktryckeri A.-B., Lund, 1962., 'Thorikos', pg. 109.

2. Privitera [2013]: Privitera, Santo. Principi, Pelasgi, e pescatori: L'Attica nella Tarda Eta del Bronzo. . Paestum: Pandemos. 2013., '25. Thorikos', pg. 132.

3. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'B 22 Ancient Thorikos', pg. 48. Online here.

4. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'F 25 Ancient Thorikos', pg. 209. Online here.

5. Stubbings [1947]: Stubbings, F.H.. ‘The Mycenaean Pottery of Attica’, The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol 42, pp. 1-75, 1947., 'Thorikos', pg. 6. Online here.