Pirgos Tsouka
| PK | C314 |
| TITLE | Pirgos Tsouka |
| WGS84 | 37.063254° N, 21.678672° E |
| Accuracy | Exact |
| LAT/LON | 37.063254, 21.678672 |
| LON/LAT | 21.678672, 37.063254 |
| DMS | 37° 3' 47.7144" N | , | 21° 40' 43.2192" E |
| W3W | cunningly, awakened, reinstate |
| UTM | 34 S, 560335.9, 4102104.75 |
| EGSA87 | 293463, 4104122 |
| Elevation m | 331 |
| Elevation feet | 1086 |
| Region | Messenia |
GENERAL SITE TYPE Cem
TYPE
1. Artifacts. Davis and Bennet [2017], 40 ' ..., large fragments of tile, ... ', ' ... 95% consists of tile and pithos fragments, ... '2. Burial. Zavadil [2012], 601 '...daß der Ort - wenn auch nicht als Tumulus - doch für Bestattungen verwendet wurde.'
3. Burial Tumulus. Messenia I, 237 'A burial tumulus situated in a vineyard on the crown of a ridge descending towards the sea ...', 'The mound is being gradually ploughed down, ...'
4. Cem. Simpson [2007], 115 ' ..., there is definite evidence of human burials on at least one of the two knolls noted on the ridge.'
5. Cem. Davis and Bennet [2017], 40 'High in the northeastern and northwestern scarp of the cylinder were numerous human bones, ... '
6. Mound. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 134 ' ..., a MH burial mound was discovered partly ploughed down, ... '
7. Mound. Boyd [2001], 137 'Description: a possible middle Helladic burial mound.'
8. Pottery. Davis and Bennet [2017], 40 ' ..., and small amounts of pottery.'
9. Sherds. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 134 ' ..., and pithos fragments ... '
10. Sherds. Heath [nd], Cemetery and bones obviously present also.
11. Sherds. Simpson [2007], 116 'The surface pottery found at Tsouka in 1959 included two sherds believed at the time to be MH ... '
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
a. Messenia I: 237, MH finds ...
b. Boyd [2001]: 138, 'Chronology: MH and post-prehistoric.'
c. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 134, 'MH'
d. Simpson [2007]: , ' ..., the two sherds from Tsouka formerly attributed to MH were reclassified as probably MH ... '
2. Hellenistic: (323 BC - 33 BC)
a. Davis and Bennet [2017]: 40, 'HL-R, Byz-Ott'
NOTES
1. Pírgos was bulldozed in 1993 leaving nothing but a core. See photo in Boyd [2001] 138, A1.22.1
2. Davis and Bennet [2017] 40 say 'None of the material, ..., can be assigned to the prehistoric period ... '
3. For photographs of the site as it currently appears see Davis and Bennet [2017] 42, Figures 28 and 29.
4. The ridge on which I have placed the marker is called 'Tsouka' in Topoguide (http://www.topoguide.gr/index-map-en.php).
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Boyd [2001]: Boyd, Michael John. Middle Helladic And Early Mycenaean Mortuary Practices In The Southern And Western Peloponnese. 2001, '22: Pírgos Tsoúka', pg. 137.
Online here.
2. Davis and Bennet [2017]: Davis, Jack L. and John Bennet (eds.). The Pylos Regional Archaeological Project; A Retrospective. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2017., 'I19 Pyrgaki Tsouka', pg. 40.
3. Heath [nd]: Heath, Sebastian. PRAP Site Gazetteer, 'I19 Pyrgaki Tsouka', pg. 1.
Online here.
Online here.
4. Messenia I: McDonald, William A. and Richard Hope Simpson. ‘Prehistoric Habitation in Southwestern Peloponnese’, American Journal of Archaeology. Vol. 65, No. 3 (Jul., 1961), pp. 221-260., '39. Tsouka (Pyrgaki)', pg. 237.
Online here.
5. Simpson [2007]: Simpson, Richard Hope. ‘Interdisciplinary Survey in Messenia, Southwest Peloponnese, Greece’, Geoarchaeology (22:January), pp. 111-120, 'Interdisciplinary Survey in Messenia, Southwest Peloponnese, Greece', pg. 111.
6. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'D 18 Pirgos: Tsouka', pg. 134.
Online here.
7. Zavadil [2012]: Zavadil, Michaela. Monumenta: Studien zu mittel- und späthelladischen Gräbern in Messenien. Wien:Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-Historische Klasse Denkschriften. 2012., 'Pyrgos/Tsouka (Ep. Triphylias)', pg. 601.
Online here.