Lefki Kaldamou (I23)
| PK | C315 |
| TITLE | Lefki Kaldamou (I23) |
| WGS84 | 37.042409° N, 21.683044° E |
| Accuracy | 20 m. |
| LAT/LON | 37.042409, 21.683044 |
| LON/LAT | 21.683044, 37.042409 |
| DMS | 37° 2' 32.6724" N | , | 21° 40' 58.9584" E |
| W3W | taxman, driven, scrapes |
| UTM | 34 S, 560741, 4099795 |
| EGSA87 | 293796, 4101799 |
| Elevation m | 254 |
| Elevation feet | 833.3 |
| Region | Messenia |
GENERAL SITE TYPE mound
TYPE
1. Artifacts. Davis and Bennet [2017], 44 'Bone was observed in the scarp, and a few artifacts were found in the vineyard to the northeast.'2. Mound. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 133 'Six large MH burial mounds were discovered ... '
3. mound. Zavadil [2012], 599 'tumuli', 'Site I 23: Funde: Steinplatten, Knochen, FH II-Scherbe, ... '
4. Mound. Messenia I, 239 'Six large mounds on or near the crest of the high ridge stretching from the Ambelofito area down toward the sea at Tragana.'
5. Pottery. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 133 'In some cases whole pithoi were found laid on their sides, ... '
6. Tumulus. Boyd [2001], 134 'The first of the tumuli, I23, is located ...'
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. EH II: (2700 BC - 2200 BC)
a. Davis and Bennet [2017]: 44, 'One EH II sherd was collected.'
2. Middle Helladic: (2000 BC - 1600 BC)
a. Boyd [2001]: 135, 'MH and post-prehistoric.'
b. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 133, 'MH', ' ... MH burial mounds ...
c. Messenia I: 239, 'Some of these (sherds, RHC) are typical MH "oatmeal" ware ... '
3. Late Helladic II: (1635 BC - 1410 BC)
a. Zavadil [2012]: 599, 'FH II-Scherbe'
NOTES
1. The photo in Davis and Bennet [2017] 44, Figure 32 seems to show exactly what is on Google Earth at the marker. Namely, a dirt road, running NE, with mature olives on the margin and shorter bushes (not olives, perhaps grapes or currants? Davis et al. call this a 'vineyard') behind them. Additionally the marker is halfway between two marks that measure 1.5 km. from Ambelofito by road and 1.5 km. measured from Ambelofito in a straight line.
2. A nearly identical color photo in Boyd[2001] 135, A1.21.2 confirms this position. The distances that Boyd [2001] provides are a little misleading. As you turn out of the village of Ambelofito you pass a church as Boyd says. This church (there is another nearby about 93 m. to the east) is at 37.051632° N, 21.693437° E. From this church to the next (Boyd says 'You pass a church on your left as you leave the village, and another 700m later.') is actually 577 m. measured along the road and not 700 m. The location of I23 (our C315) is another 1033 m. from this second church and not just '...a further 1km ...'
3. Boyd [2001] 135 suggests that the pottery on the opposite side of the road is 'seemingly of Hellenistic or later date.'
4. Marker placed based on the map in Spencer [1995] 285, Figure 5.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Boyd [2001]: Boyd, Michael John. Middle Helladic And Early Mycenaean Mortuary Practices In The Southern And Western Peloponnese. 2001, '21: Lefki Kaldamou', pg. 134.
Online here.
2. Davis and Bennet [2017]: Davis, Jack L. and John Bennet (eds.). The Pylos Regional Archaeological Project; A Retrospective. American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 2017., 'I23 Lefki Kaldamou (1)', pg. 44.
3. Messenia I: McDonald, William A. and Richard Hope Simpson. ‘Prehistoric Habitation in Southwestern Peloponnese’, American Journal of Archaeology. Vol. 65, No. 3 (Jul., 1961), pp. 221-260., '43. Kaldamou (Levki)', pg. 239.
Online here.
4. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'D 14 Lefki: Kaldamou', pg. 133.
Online here.
5. Spencer [1995]: Spencer, Nigel. ‘Heroic Time: Monuments And The Past In Messenia’, Southwest Greece', Oxford Journal of Archaeology (14:3), 277-292. 1995., '', Online here.
6. Zavadil [2012]: Zavadil, Michaela. Monumenta: Studien zu mittel- und späthelladischen Gräbern in Messenien. Wien:Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Philosophisch-Historische Klasse Denkschriften. 2012., 'Levki/Kaldamou (Ep. Triphylias)', pg. 599.
Online here.