Kallithea: (Rabadania or Spenzes)
| PK | C497 |
| TITLE | Kallithea: (Rabadania or Spenzes) |
| WGS84 | 38.164714° N, 21.742187° E |
| Accuracy | Unknown |
| LAT/LON | 38.164714, 21.742187 |
| LON/LAT | 21.742187, 38.164714 |
| DMS | 38° 9' 52.9704" N | , | 21° 44' 31.8732" E |
| W3W | terraced, hogwash, vibrations |
| UTM | 34 S, 565016, 4224351 |
| EGSA87 | 302052, 4226212 |
| Elevation m | 358 |
| Elevation feet | 1174.5 |
| Region | Achaea |
GENERAL SITE TYPE Cem
TYPE
1. Artifacts. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 88 ' ..., a sword, spear, fragmentary bronze fittings from a corslet, and a pair of bronze greaves with good European parallels.'2. Artifacts. Paschalidis [2018], 11 ' ... with swords of Naue II type.'. Also greaves, boars tusk helmet, etc.
3. Cem. AM[1960], 42
4. Chamber Tomb. Simpson and Dickinson [1979], 88 ' ..., two chamber tombs were excavated.'
5. Chamber Tomb. Papadopoulos [1979], 27 '...two LH IIIB - C chamber tombs...','Test trenches suggest the existence of a large cemetery at the site.'
6. Chamber Tomb. Ålin [1962], 64 '... grub N. Yalouris hier ein Kammergrab mit mehreren intakten SH III - Vasen ...'
7. Chamber Tomb. BCH [1998], 787 '..., au lieu-dit Rabadania, quatre tombes à dromos court et incliné.'
8. Chamber Tomb. BCH [1999], 702 '... dans la nécropole mycénienne de Rabadania, mettant au jour trois nouvelles tombes à chambre.'
9. Chamber Tomb. Åström [1965], 102 'N. Yialouris excavated two Mycenaean chamber tombs here, ... '
10. Chamber Tomb. JHS[1954], 157 'LH III chamber tombs were excavated by Yalouris at Kangadi and Kallithea on the way to Khalandritsa; ... '
11. Chamber Tomb. Giannopoulos [2008], 52 'Im Juli 1953 entdeckte ein Landwirt in seinem Acker in der Gegend Rabadania oder Spenzes ein mykenisches Kammergrab.'
12. Chamber Tomb. Hünewinkel [2007], 32 '... zwei spätmykenische Kammergräber ...'
13. Chamber Tomb. Paschalidis [2018], 11 'At the site of Rabadania or Spentzes ..., Yalouris excavated two chamber tombs ... ', 'Excavations at the site were continued by Papadopoulos, who revealed another 24 chamber tombs ... '
14. Chamber Tomb. Simpson [1981], 90 '.. two chamber tombs were excavated.'
15. Tomb. BCH [1954], 124 '...tombes mycéniennes...'
16. Tomb. Vanderpool [1954], 235 'A number of Mycenaean tombs ... '
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. Late Helladic: (1700 BC - 1050 BC)
a. BCH [1954]: 124, '...mycéniennes...'
2. LH III: (1410 BC - 1060 BC)
a. JHS[1954]: 157, 'LH III chamber tombs were excavated by Yalouris ... '
b. Vanderpool [1954]: 235, 'In it were found some LH III vases, a bronze sword, a bronze spear head and a bronze greave.'
3. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
a. Papadopoulos [1979]: 27, 'Pottery, bronzes and ornaments of LHIIIA - C date were found.'
b. BCH [1998]: 787, '... le mobilier date de l'HR IIIA-C.'
c. BCH [1999]: 702, '...qui permet de les dater de l'HR IIIA-IIIC.'
d. AM[1960]: 42,
e. Paschalidis [2018]: 11, ' ... with rich finds of the LH IIIA-C periods, ... '
4. LH IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
a. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 87, 'LH IIIA(2)-C'
5. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
a. Hünewinkel [2007]: 124, 'SHIIIB-SHIIIC'
b. Papadopoulos [1979]: 27, '...two LH IIIB - C chamber tombs ...'
c. Ålin [1962]: 64, '...die Keramik soll aber aus "IIIB - C" sein.'
d. BCH [1998]: 787, '... le mobilier date de l'HR IIIA-C.'
e. BCH [1999]: 702, '...qui permet de les dater de l'HR IIIA-IIIC.'
f. AM[1960]: 42,
g. Giannopoulos [2008]: 52, ' ..., wurde 1980 in Grab O die erste Brandbestattung in einem mykenischen Gräberfeld Achaias festgestellt, die in den Ubergang von der SH IIIB zur SH IIIC Zeit datieren soll.'
h. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 87, 'LH IIIA(2)-C'
i. Paschalidis [2018]: 11, ' ... with rich finds of the LH IIIA-C periods, ... '
6. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
a. Simpson [1981]: 90, 'In both tombs LH IIIC and earlier pottery was found.'
b. Hünewinkel [2007]: 124, 'SHIIIB-SHIIIC'
c. Papadopoulos [1979]: 27, '...two LH IIIB - C chamber tombs ...'
d. Ålin [1962]: 64, '...die Keramik soll aber aus "IIIB - C" sein.'
e. BCH [1998]: 787, '... le mobilier date de l'HR IIIA-C.'
f. BCH [1999]: 702, '...qui permet de les dater de l'HR IIIA-IIIC.'
g. AM[1960]: 42,
h. Åström [1965]: 102, ' ..., apparently of Mycenaean III C date.'
i. Giannopoulos [2008]: 52, 'Es handelt sich um die Kammergräber A und B, die jeweils eine SH IIIC-zeitliche Kriegerbestattung erbracht haben.'
j. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: 88, 'These may be dated to LH IIIC, for fragments of a stirrup-jar of that date were excavated in the pit's fill.'
k. Paschalidis [2018]: 11, ' ... and other grave goods of the middle LH IIIC period ... '
NOTES
1. According to our authors Kallithea Spenzes (Spenses/Rabadania) is south of Laganidia (securely identified at C508) and north of Ano Kallithea. The marked site fulfills those criteria. But the placement is still notional. Among other things this site yielded up the famous greaves. Some of our authors say one greave; others say two. In fact there were two and they are illustrated in Papadopoulos [1991] p. 34, no. 2a.
2. Åström[1965] 102 says 'One tomb contained a bronze sword, a bronze spear head and a bronze greave.'
3. JHS [1954] 157 says ' ...; the latter contained a well-preserved bronze sword 0.81 m. long with its handle, a socketed spearhead, and a bronze greave. The greave is the first of this period to be excavated on the Greek mainland; wire and hooks held it in position, as on the comparable specimen from Enkomi in Cyprus, and its surface bears the low relief representation of cross straps.'
4. The description in BCH [1954] 124 is as follows: "De plus la tombe de Kallithéa contenait une épée de bronze, longue de 0 m. 81, presque intacte, dont la nervure centrale est bordée de chaque côté de deux lignes parallèles gravées, une pointe de lance également en bronze, longue de 0 m. 21, et surtout la première cnémide mycénienne qui ait été trouvée en Grèce ... . En bronze, et mieux conservée que celle d'Enkomi, elle présente le même système de fixation par gans mobile (cf. Lorimer, Homer and the Monuments, p. 251, fig. 29). De plus son décor de bandelettes en relief croisées sur le devant reproduit le dispositif des guêtres."
5. Our sources, specifically Giannopoulos, give us the following narrative. The finds of the Kallithea region are two, this of Rabadania/Spetzes and that of Laganidia (C508) to its north. Sources often treat them together. Rabadania became known in 1953 after the discovery of two Chamber Tombs of the LH IIIC. They were explored by N. Yalouris and in one of them, - Tomb A, was discovered the several bronze weapons and the bronze greaves. The significance of these bronze weapons (and a comparison of the greaves to other examples) is discussed in Giannopoulos [2008] 173 ff. Our early sources mention only these two chamber tombs. In 1987 (through 2001) Th. Papadopoulos began a series of campaigns in which at least 20 more chamber tombs were discovered. They are described in Giannopoulos [2008] 53 and see the further references there.
6. '..about a kilometre north of Ano Kallithea, on the west slope of a spur of Mt. Panachaikon...'
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. BCH [1998]: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 122, 1998., 'Kallithea Patron', pg. 787.
Online here.
2. BCH [1999]: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 123, 1999., 'Kallithéa Patrôn', pg. 702.
Online here.
3. AM[1960]: Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung, Germany. 1960., '', pg. 42.
4. JHS[1954]: Journal of Hellenic Studies, (74), 1954, '', pg. 157.
Online here.
5. BCH [1954]: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 78,1954., 'Patras', pg. 124.
Online here.
Online here.
6. Ålin [1962]: Ålin, Per. Das Ende der mykenischen Fundstätten auf dem griechischen Festland. Carl Bloms Boktryckeri A.-B., Lund, 1962., 'Kallithea', pg. 64.
7. Åström [1965]: Åström, Paul. ‘Mycenaean Pottery from the Region of Aigion, with a List of Prehistoric Sites in Achaia’, Opuscula Atheniensia, V, pp. 89-110, C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1965., 'Kallithéa', pg. 102.
8. Giannopoulos [2008]: Giannopoulos, T.. Die Letzte Elite der mykenischen Welt: Achaia in mykenischer Zeit und das Phänomen der Kriegerbestattungen im 12.-11. Jahrhundert v. Chr.. Bonn: Habelt. 2008., 'Kallithea (Rabadania - Laganidia - Kivouri)', pg. 52.
9. Hünewinkel [2007]: Hünewinkel, Sigrid. Spätbronzezeitliche Brandbestattungen im ägäischen Raum. Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg i. Br., Überlingen/Bodensee. 2007, 'VI.3.1.2.2. Kallithea', pg. 32.
Online here.
10. Papadopoulos [1979]: Papadopoulos, Thanasis J.. Mycenaean Achaea; Part 1: Text. Paul Åströms Förlag, Göteborg, Sweden. 1979. Vol 1., '15. Kallithea', pg. 27.
11. Papadopoulos [1991]: Papadopoulos, Thanasis J.. ‘Achaea's Role in the Mycenaean World’, In Rizakis (ed.) [1991] pp. 31-7. 1991., '', Online here.
12. Paschalidis [2018]: Paschalidis, Constantinos (with contributions by Photini J.P. McGeorge and Wiesław Więckowski). The Mycenaean Cemetery at Achaia Clauss near Patras; People, material remains and culture in context. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Summertown, Oxford OX2 7LG. 2018., 'To the east of Thea, ... ', pg. 11.
Online here.
13. Rizakis (ed.) [1991]: Rizakis, A.D.. Achaia Und Elis in Der Antike: Des 1 Internationalen Symposiums, Athen 19-21 Mai 1989. Athens: Κέντρον Ελληνικής και Ρωμαϊκής Αρχαιότητος / Εθνικόν Ίδρυμα Ερευνών, '',
14. Simpson [1981]: Simpson, Richard Hope. Mycenaean Greece. Park Ridge, New Jersey: Noyes Press, 1981., 'D 30 Kallithea', pg. 90.
Online here.
15. Simpson and Dickinson [1979]: Simpson, Richard Hope and O.T.P.K. Dickinson. A Gazetteer of Aegean Civilization in the Bronze Age, Vol. I: The Mainland and the Islands. Paul Åströms Förlag, Goteborg. 1979., 'B 46 Kallithea', pg. 87.
Online here.
16. Vanderpool [1954]: Vanderpool, Eugene. ‘News Letter from Greece’, American Journal of Archaeology (58:3) 231-241, 'A number of Mycenaean tombs ... ', pg. 235.
Online here.