Patras: Petroto: Tholos
| PK | C500 |
| TITLE | Patras: Petroto: Tholos |
| WGS84 | 38.193817° N, 21.76769° E |
| Accuracy | 50 m. |
| LAT/LON | 38.193817, 21.76769 |
| LON/LAT | 21.76769, 38.193817 |
| DMS | 38° 11' 37.7412" N | , | 21° 46' 3.684" E |
| W3W | pedicure, dislodging, disbanded |
| UTM | 34 S, 567223.83, 4227598.25 |
| EGSA87 | 304365, 4229388 |
| Elevation m | 157 |
| Elevation feet | 515.1 |
| Region | Achaea |
GENERAL SITE TYPE Tholos
TYPE
1. Artifacts. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] , 397 'Some small metal objects include gold hair ornaments, two bronze knives and a pin ending in spirals. A stone pendant and a whetstone, along with amber beads, semi-precious stone, glass, and faience beads ... '2. Artifacts. AD[1989], 132 Finds are given as bronze knife, stone and terra-cotta loom weights, small bronze objects, semiprecious stone beads, a gold spiral ring, two gold discs, a flint blade, a figurine of phi type.
3. Pottery. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009], 508 ' ... to collect some 115 half-complete pots, belonging to the types typical of the period, namely decorated pottery, ... '
4. Pottery. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] , 397 ' ... piriform jars, baggy alabastra, squat jugs, jugs, handleless jars, a stirrup jar, and a straight-sided alabastron, and open shapes such as Vapheio cups; shallow cups; Ephyraean, monochrome or undecorated goblets; grey-ware and cooking pots.'
5. Tholos. Giannopoulos [2008], 57 '...durchgeführte Notgrabung eines bei Straßenbauarbeiten entdeckten Tholosgrabes bei Petroto nördlich von Clauss.'
6. Tholos. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009], 502 'A tholos tomb ... was accidentally discovered in 1989.'
7. Tholos. Paschalidis [2018], 10 ' ..., Petropoulos excavated a tholos tomb, ... '
8. Tholos. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] , 397 ' ... the Mygdalia tholos, ... ','The main floor deposit contained at least 26 individuals, ... '
9. Tholos. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2006], 134
10. Tholos. Jones et al. [2017], 458 'The tholos was discovered in 1989 during road construction ... '
11. Tholos. AD[1989], 132 ' ... μυκηναϊκός θολωτός τάφος.'
PERIOD (High Chronology)
1. Late Helladic II: (1635 BC - 1410 BC)
a. AD[1989]: 132, First use of the tomb is given as ' ... YE II περίοδο.'
2. LH IIA: (1635 BC - 1470 BC)
a. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009]: 508, 'A few may date also to LH IIA ... '
b. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : 397, ' ..., a few pieces may be of LH IIA and LH IIIA2 early date.'
3. LH IIB: (1470 BC - 1410 BC)
a. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2006]: , 'LH IIB-IIIA1'
b. Giannopoulos [2008]: 59, '...in SH IIB und SH IIIA1 zeugen, ...'
c. Jones et al. [2017]: 458, 'It was constructed and first used during the early Mycenaean period (LH IIB-IIIA; 1440 -1400 BC) ... '
d. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009]: 502, 'A tholos tomb of LH IIB - IIIA1 date was accidentally discovered in 1989 ... '
e. Paschalidis [2018]: 10, ' ..., which was constructed and used in the LH IIB and LH IIIA1 periods, ... '
f. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : 397, 'The pottery (115 partially preserved pots) dates to LH IIB-IIIA1, ... '
4. LH IIIA: (1410 BC - 1315 BC)
a. Jones et al. [2017]: 458, 'It was constructed and first used during the early Mycenaean period (LH IIB-IIIA; 1440 -1400 BC) ... '
b. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : 398, ' ... can now be dated to the early 14th century BC, ... '
5. LH IIIA1: (1410 BC - 1375 BC)
a. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2006]: , 'LH IIB-IIIA1'
b. Giannopoulos [2008]: 59, '...in SH IIB und SH IIIA1 zeugen, ...'
c. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009]: 502, 'A tholos tomb of LH IIB - IIIA1 date was accidentally discovered in 1989 ... '
d. Paschalidis [2018]: 10, ' ... and used in the LH IIB and LH IIIA1 periods, ... '
e. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : 397, 'The pottery (115 partially preserved pots) dates to LH IIB-IIIA1, ... '
6. LH IIIA2: (1375 BC - 1320 BC)
a. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009]: 508, ' ... and to the transitional LH IIIA1 - 2 phase.'
b. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : 397, ' ..., a few pieces may be of LH IIA and LH IIIA2 early date.'
7. LH IIIB: (1320 BC - 1190 BC)
a. Jones et al. [2017]: 460, 'Lastly, the final burial, Level 3, ... was dated to 1255 -1120 BC (LH IIIB).'
b. Paschalidis [2018]: 10, ' ... in the following palatial period it was turned into a place for depositing relocated inhumations.'
8. LH IIIC: (1190 BC - 1060 BC)
a. Jones et al. [2017]: 460, 'Lastly, the final burial, Level 3, ... was dated to 1255 -1120 BC (LH IIIB).'
b. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : 398, 'AMS has also provided evidence for dating the final burial level to the 12th century BC, ... '
NOTES
1. The position that I adopted is from the map in Kaskantiri [2016] ΠΙΝΑΚΑΣ 2 which follows p. 544.
2. A useful photograph of the area is in Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009] p. 503, Fig. 1.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. AD[1989]: Archaiologikon Deltion, Athens, Greece, v. 44, '', pg. 132.
2. Cavanaugh, et al. [2009]: Cavanaugh, Helen, William Cavanagh, and James Roy (eds.). Honouring the Dead in the Peloponnese. Proceedings of the conference held at Sparta 23-25 April 2009. The University of Nottingham, Centre for Spartan and Peloponnesian Studies. CSPS Online Publication 2. Prepared by Sam Farnham. 2009., '',
3. Eder and Zavadil (eds.) [2016]: Eder, Birgitta with Michaela Zavadil. (Social) Place and Space in Early Mycenaean Greece. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, '', Online here.
4. Giannopoulos [2008]: Giannopoulos, T.. Die Letzte Elite der mykenischen Welt: Achaia in mykenischer Zeit und das Phänomen der Kriegerbestattungen im 12.-11. Jahrhundert v. Chr.. Bonn: Habelt. 2008., 'Petroto (Mygdalia, Skodreika)', pg. 57.
5. Jones et al. [2017]: Jones, Olivia A. and Johannes van der Plicht, Lena Papazoglou-Manioudaki, Michalis Petropoulos. ‘Timing is everything: radiocarbon dating multiple levels in the Mycenaean tholos tomb of Petroto, Achaia, Greece’, STAR: Science & Technology of Archaeological Research (3:2) 456-465. 2017., 'The Petroto tholos tomb', pg. 458.
Online here.
6. Kaskantiri [2016]: Kaskantiri, Sophia. ΤΑ ΜΥΚΗΝΑΙΚΑ ΝΕΚΡΟΤΑΦΕΙΑ ΣΤΙΣ ΘΕΣΕΙΣ ΖΩΗΤΑΔΑ ΚΑΙ ΑΓΙΟΣ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ ΣΘΝ ΚΡΗΝΕ ΠΑΤΡΩΝ. ΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΡlΚΗ ΔΙΑΤΡΙΒΗ, ΙΩΑΝΝΙΝΑ 20Ι6, '', Online here.
7. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2009]: Papazoglou-Manioudaki, Lena. ‘Dishonouring The Dead: The Plundering Of Tholos Tombs In The Early Palatial Period And The Case Of The Tholos Tomb At Mygdalia Hill (Petroto) In Achaea’, Cavanaugh, et al. [2009], pp. 501-520. 2009., 'THE MYGDALIA HILL SETTLEMENT AND TOMBS', pg. 502.
Online here.
8. Papazoglou-Manioudaki [2006]: Papazoglou-Manioudaki, Lena. ‘The Middle Helladic and Late Helladic I Periods at Aigion in Achaea’, Philippa-Touchais et al. [2006], 'The graves', pg. 134.
'In the LH IIB-IIIA1 tholos tomb at Petroto, Patras,...'
Online here.
9. Papazoglou-Manioudaki and Paschalidis [2016] : Papazoglou-Manioudaki, Lena and Constantinos Paschalidis. ‘The Foundation and Rise to Local Prominence of the Settlement on Mygdalia Hill, near Patras.’, In Eder and Zavadil (eds.) [2016] pp. 385-402., 'In the case of the Mygdalia tholos, ... ', pg. 397.
10. Paschalidis [2018]: Paschalidis, Constantinos (with contributions by Photini J.P. McGeorge and Wiesław Więckowski). The Mycenaean Cemetery at Achaia Clauss near Patras; People, material remains and culture in context. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Summertown, Oxford OX2 7LG. 2018., 'Outside the settlement, ... ', pg. 10.
Online here.